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Pg. 218-229
Determination of Air pollutants concentration from Ground Level Sources in Abuja Metropolis, Nigeria
Tyovenda A.A1, Sombo, T.2, and Gbagba, U.E.3 Department of Physics, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State.
Abstract
This work focuses on measurements of concentration of gaseous emissions such as CO, SO2 H2 S and particulate matters (PM10 and PM2.5) released from ground level sources at specified receptor points downwind. These sources were monitored using Altair Multi-gas and HAT 200 PM10 and PM2.5 detectors. From the selected sources monitored, Carbon Monoxide had the highest dispersion strength of 45%. An analysis of the concentrations show that refuse burning source has maximum concentrations of 111.2 mgm-3 for CO, 7.312 mgm-3 for SO2, 5.342 mgm-3 for H2S, 0.542 mgm-3 for PM10 and 0.272 mgm-3 for PM2.5 respectively while minimum concentrations of 77.42 mgm-3 for CO, 0.52 mgm-3 for SO2 , 1.44 mgm-3 for H2S, 0.48 mgm-3 for PM10 and 0.14 mgm-3 for PM2.5 respectively were obtained from wood burning source. This shows that CO has the highest concentrations of the pollutants monitored. Correlation between modeled and measured concentrations showed that wood burning source has higher validity of the model with coefficients of regression R2 for CO, SO2, H2S, PM10 and PM2.5 as 0.885, 0.848, 0.574, 0.861 and 0.715 respectively while refuse burning has the least measure of validity with coefficients of regression R2 for CO, SO2, H2S, PM10 and PM2.5 as 0.363, 0.416, 0.416, 0.431, 0.572 and 0.284 respectively. Based on Ambient Air Quality Standards, refuse burning sources are most harmful of the sources investigated. A comparative environmental impact assessment of the sources reveals that they are unsafe for selected pollutants. For CO (1-hour time average, the safe limit is 40mg/m3), SO2 (1-hour time average, the safe limit is 0.35040mg/m3) and H2S (1-hour time average, the safe limit is 0.04240mg/m3).
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